Article Retraction Policy

The Editorial Board employs a rigorous selection and peer-review process to minimize the risk of publishing inaccurate material. However, if significant violations or errors are identified post-publication, the article will be subject to retraction in accordance with COPE Retraction Guidelines.

1. Grounds for Retraction:

  • Academic Misconduct: Detection of plagiarism, improper borrowing of textual or graphical material, or redundant publication (self-plagiarism).
  • Data Manipulation: Evidence of data falsification or fabrications of results.
  • Substantial Errors: Identification of scientific or methodological flaws that undermine the conclusions or scientific value of the work.
  • Authorship Violations: Instances of unethical authorship, such as the exclusion of significant contributors or the inclusion of authors with no connection to the research.
  • Ethical Conflicts: Undisclosed conflicts of interest or breaches of publication ethics, including the undisclosed use of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

2. Complaint and Investigation Procedure:

  • Initiation: Interested parties (authors, reviewers, or institutions) must submit a substantiated complaint to the Editorial Board with evidence of the identified violation.
  • Investigation: The Editorial Board forms a commission of specialists and, if necessary, independent external experts to investigate the circumstances.
  • Right of Reply: Authors are invited to participate in the discussion and must provide written explanations regarding the findings.

3. Decision-Making:

Based on the investigation, the Editorial Board will issue one of the following:

  • Rejection if the appeal is found to be without merit.
  • Publication of an erratum or correction accompanied by a detailed explanation.
  • A full retraction for serious violations or fundamental errors.

Retraction Standards:

  • The decision is recorded in formal minutes, citing specific reasons and the date of retraction. For plagiarism, the original source must be referenced.
  • The original article is not removed from the annual’s archive but remains available and clearly marked as "RETRACTED" on both the PDF and web versions.
  • A formal Retraction Notice is published in the current issue and prominently displayed on the annual’s website.